XHYintoni i-endocrinology yabantwana?
I-Endocrinology yinzululwazi yeehomoni. IiHormones ziqinisekisa ukuba zonke izitho eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni okuqhelekileyo, uphuhliso kunye nokuphila komntu zisebenza ngokubambisana. Ngamnye kubo ufihliwe kumadlala awo ahlukileyo. Iimeko ezibizwa ngokuba zizifo ze-endocrine zenzeka ngenxa yokuba la madlala angaphuhlisi, angakheki kwaphela, asebenze ngaphantsi kwemfuneko, asebenze kakhulu, okanye asebenze ngokungaqhelekanga. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zehomoni zilawula ukuzala, imetabolism, ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. IiHormone nazo zilawula impendulo yethu kwindawo esingqongileyo kwaye zinceda ukunika umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamandla kunye nezondlo eziyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yethu yomzimba.
Ingcali ye-Endocrinology yabantwana ijongana ikakhulu nokuphazamiseka kwehomoni okwenzeka ngexesha lobuntwana kunye nokufikisa (iminyaka eyi-0-19). Ibeka iliso ekukhuleni okusempilweni komntwana, ukuvela kokufikisa ngexesha layo eliqhelekileyo kunye nenkqubela phambili yakhe esempilweni, kunye notshintsho olukhuselekileyo ekukhuleni kwakhe. Ijongene nokuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwabantwana kunye nabantu abatsha abaneengxaki zehomoni ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ekupheleni kweminyaka eyi-18.
Loluphi uhlobo loqeqesho lwezonyango olufunyanwa yi-endocrinologists yabantwana?
Emva kokugqiba iminyaka emithandathu iFaculty of Medicine, bagqiba iminyaka emi-4 okanye emi-5 yenkqubo yobungcali yeMpilo yoMntwana kunye neZifo. Emva koko bachitha iminyaka emithathu ukuze bafunde kwaye bafumane amava ekuxilongweni, unyango kunye nokulandelwa kwezifo zehomoni (i-Child Endocrinology masters degree). Lilonke, kuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kwe-13 ukuqeqesha i-endocrinologist yabantwana.
Zeziphi izifo ze-endocrine eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka ebuntwaneni kunye nokufikisa?
Ubude obufutshane
Ilandela ukukhula okunempilo ukususela ekuzalweni. Ibeka iliso kubantwana abazalwa benobunzima obuphantsi kunye nobude obufutshane bokuzalwa kwaye iyabaxhasa ukuba bahlangane noontanga babo abasempilweni. Uvavanya kwaye unyange ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka ngexesha lokukhula. Ubude obufutshane bunokuba yintsapho okanye isakhiwo, okanye inokuba ngumboniso wokusilela kwehomoni okanye esinye isifo. I-Endocrinology yabantwana ihlola kwaye iphathe zonke izinto ezinokuthi zibangele ukuba umntwana ahlale efutshane.
Ukuba ubude obufutshane bubangelwa ukusilela kwehomoni yokukhula, kufuneka iphathwe ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ukuchitha ixesha kunokukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubude obuncinci. Ngapha koko, abantu abancinci iplate yabo yokukhula ivaliwe banokuphulukana nethuba labo lonyango lwe-hormone yokukhula.
Inkwenkwe ende; Abantwana abade ngokucacileyo kunoontanga babo nabo kufuneka babekwe iliso, kunye nabantwana abafutshane.
Ukufikisa kwasekuqaleni
Nangona kukho ukungafani komntu ngamnye, ubuncinci kubantwana baseTurkey buqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11-12 kumantombazana kunye naphakathi kweminyaka eyi-12-13 kumakhwenkwe. Nangona ukufikisa ngamanye amaxesha kuqalisa kule minyaka, ukufikisa kunokugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kwiinyanga ezili-12-18, kwaye oku kuthathwa njengokukhula ngokukhawuleza kokufikisa. Ngokwempilo, ukuba kukho isifo esifuna ukuvezwa kunye nokunyanga imeko ebangela ukufikisa kwangoko, kufuneka sinyangwe.
Ukuba iimpawu zokufikisa azijongwanga kumantombazana nakumakhwenkwe akwiminyaka eyi-14, oko kufanele kuthathwe njengoKulibaziseka kokuFika kwaye unobangela osisiseko kufuneka uphandwe.
Unobangela osisiseko wezinye iingxaki ezibonwa ebudeni bokufikisa udla ngokuba ziihomoni. Ngesi sizathu, iNgcali ye-Endocrine yaBantwana ijongana nokukhula kweenwele ngokugqithisileyo ekufikiseni, iingxaki zamabele, zonke iintlobo zeengxaki zokuya exesheni zamantombazana, kunye nePolycystic Ovary (de babe neminyaka eli-18 ubudala).
Hypothyroidism/Hyperthyroidism
I-Hypothyroidism, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-goiter, ichazwa njengedlala lengqula elivelisa amahomoni amancinci okanye angabikho kangako kunokuba kufanelekile. I-hormone ye-Thyroid yi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu enemiphumo efana nophuhliso lwengqondo, ukukhula kobude, ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo kunye nokukhawuleza kwe-metabolism.
Imeko ebangelwa ukuveliswa kwehomoni yegilo ngaphezu kwesiqhelo kwaye ukukhululwa kwayo egazini kubizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism. Iingcali ze-Endocrinologists zabantwana nazo zifumana uqeqesho lokunyanga amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid, umhlaza we-thyroid, kunye nezicubu ze-thyroid ezandisiweyo (i-goiter). Babeka iliso kubo bonke abantwana abanembali yentsapho ye-Thyroid okanye Goiter.
Iingxaki zokwahluka ngokwesondo
Sisigulo sokukhula apho isini somntwana singenakuqondwa njengentombazana okanye inkwenkwe kwasekuqaleni xa luzalwa. Iqatshelwa nguNtwana osandulukuzalwa okanye ugqirha wabantwana kubantwana abazalelwe esibhedlele. Nangona kunjalo, isenokungahoywa okanye ibonakale kamva.
Oku kubalulekile ukuba amaqanda awaqatshelwa kwi-sac kumakhwenkwe, awachami ukusuka kwincam yepipi, okanye i-penis ibonwa ukuba incinci kakhulu. Kumantombazana, ukuba i-urinary tract opener okanye ukudumba okuncinci kubonwa, ngakumbi kuzo zombini iigroins, ivandlakanywa yingcali ye-Endocrine yabantwana ngaphambi kotyando.
Isifo seswekile sabantwana (uHlobo loku-1 lweswekile)
Ingenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ukusuka kwixesha lokuzala ukuya ebudaleni obutsha. Ukulibaziseka kunyango kubangela ukuba iimpawu ziqhubele phambili ukuya kwikoma kunye nokufa. Unyango lunokwenzeka ubomi kunye ne-insulin yodwa. Aba bantwana kunye nabantu abancinci kufuneka banyangwe kwaye babekwe iliso elibukhali yingcali ye-Peediatric Endocrine de babe ngabantu abadala.
Udidi lwesi-2 lweswekile olubonwa ebuntwaneni luyanyangwa kwaye lubekwe iliso elibukhali yingcali ye-Endocrine yabantwana.
Ukutyeba ngokugqithisileyo
Amandla athathiweyo ngokugqithisileyo okanye angasetyenziswanga ngokwaneleyo, kwanasebuntwaneni, agcinwa emzimbeni kwaye abangela ukutyeba. Nangona la mandla agqithisileyo abangela uninzi lokutyeba kwabantwana, ngamanye amaxesha umntwana unokutyekela ekufumaneni ubunzima ngenxa yesifo sehomoni esibangela ubunzima obugqithisileyo, okanye izifo ezithile zemfuza ezizalwa kunye nezibandakanya izifo ezininzi.
Uyingcali ye-Endocrine yaBantwana ephanda ngoyena nobangela wokutyeba, ukunyanga xa kufuneka unyango, kwaye ibeke iliso kwizinto ezingalunganga ezibangelwa kukutyeba ngokwako.
IiRickets / Impilo Yamathambo: Ukungonwabi ngokwaneleyo kwevithamin D okanye ukungonelanga kwethambo leminerali ngenxa yezifo zokuzala ze-vitamin D kubangela isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rickets. Iirickets, i-osteoporosis kunye nezinye izifo ze-metabolic zamathambo ziphakathi kweendawo ezinomdla kwi-endocrinology yabantwana.
IiHormones ezikhutshwe kwi-Adrenal Gland: Ukuchaphazela intliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi (i-endocrine-induced hypertension), uxinzelelo / ukunyamezela ukunyamezela, ubulili kunye nokuzala. Ngezifo zokuzalwa okanye ezifunyenweyo ze-adrenal gland ebuntwaneni, Ç. I-Endocrinologists inomdla.