Yintoni uMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko (Umlomo wesibeleko)? Zeziphi iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko , okanye umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko njengoko usaziwa ngokwezonyango, ubakho kwiiseli ezikwindawo esezantsi yesibeleko ebizwa ngokuba ngumlomo wesibeleko (intamo) kwaye yenye yezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zemihlaza ye-gynecological ehlabathini. Lolona hlobo lomhlaza lwe-14 luxhaphake kakhulu kwaye lolona hlobo lwesi-4 luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza olubhaqwe kwabasetyhini.

Umlomo wesibeleko yinxalenye yentamo yesibeleko edibanisa kwilungu lobufazi. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-human papillomavirus (HPV), ezibangela izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, zezona zixhaphakileyo zebhayoloji yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Kuninzi lwabasetyhini, xa bevezwe yintsholongwane, amajoni omzimba athintela ukuba umzimba wonakaliswe yintsholongwane. Kodwa kwiqela elincinane labasetyhini, intsholongwane iphila iminyaka. Ezi ntsholongwane zinokuqalisa inkqubo ebangela ukuba ezinye iiseli ezikumphezulu womlomo wesibeleko zibe ziiseli zomhlaza.

Zeziphi iimpawu zoMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Olona phawu luqhelekileyo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kukopha kwilungu lobufazi. Ukopha kwe-vaginal kungenzeka ngaphandle kwexesha lokuya exesheni, emva kokwabelana ngesondo, okanye kwixesha le-post-menopausal.

Olunye uphawu oluqhelekileyo luyintlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, okuchazwa njenge-dyspareunia. Ukukhutshwa okugqithisileyo ngokungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokuphazamiseka okungaqhelekanga kokuya exesheni zezinye zeempawu zokuqala zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Kwinqanaba eliphezulu, i-anemia inokukhula ngenxa yokopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi kwaye inokongezwa kumfanekiso wesifo. Iintlungu eziqhubekayo kwisisu esisezantsi, imilenze kunye nomqolo unokuhamba neempawu. Ngenxa yobunzima obuqulunqwe, ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yomchamo kunokwenzeka kwaye kubangele iingxaki ezinjengeentlungu ngexesha lokuchama okanye ukuchama rhoqo.

Njengakwamanye ama-cancer, ukwehla kobunzima obunganyanzelekanga kunokukhapha ezi mpawu. Ukudlula komchamo okanye ilindle kunokwenzeka ngenxa yoqhagamshelo olutsha olwenziwe kwilungu lobufazi. Olu nxulumano phakathi kwesinyi esivuzayo okanye amathumbu amakhulu kunye nelungu lobufazi kuthiwa zii<em>fistula.

Ziziphi iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa ziyafana nangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko awubangeli zimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe iimvavanyo rhoqo zesibeleko ukuze kufunyaniswe kwangethuba umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zezi:

• Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi
• Ukuphuma kwilungu lobufazi
• Intlungu ye-pelvic
• Iingxaki zendlela yomchamo

Ukuba usengozini yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho.

Isitofu sokugonya soMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Isitofu sokugonya somhlaza womlomo wesibeleko sisitofu esikhusela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko obangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiHuman Papillomavirus (HPV). I-HPV yintsholongwane eyosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kwaye ibangela iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza kunye nezifo, ezifana nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye neentsumpa zangasese.

Akukho mda wobudala obungaphezulu kwesitofu sokugonya se-HPV, esibonelela ngokhuseleko olumandla kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sinokunikezelwa kubo bonke abantu basetyhini ukusukela kwiminyaka eyi-9.

Zeziphi izizathu zoMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Ukuguqulwa kwe-DNA yeeseli eziphilileyo kule ndawo kunokuthiwa ngunobangela womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Iiseli ezisempilweni ziyahlukana kumjikelo othile, ziqhubeke nobomi bazo, yaye xa ixesha lifika, zithatyathelw indawo ziiseli eziselula.

Ngenxa yotshintsho, lo mjikelo weeseli uphazamiseka kwaye iiseli ziqala ukwanda ngokungalawulekiyo. Ukunyuka kweeseli okungaqhelekanga kubangela ukwakheka kwezakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuba zizininzi okanye amathumba. Olu kwakheka kubhekiswa kulo njengomhlaza ukuba lunobuqhophololo, njengokukhula ngokundlongondlongo kunye nokuhlasela kwezinye izakhiwo ezingqongileyo nezikude.

I-Human papillomavirus (HPV) ifumaneka malunga ne-99% yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. I-HPV yintsholongwane eyosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kwaye ibangela iintsumpa kwindawo yangasese. Isasazeka phakathi kwabantu emva kokunxibelelana kwesikhumba ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo, kwilungu lobufazi okanye ngeempundu.

Kukho ngaphezu kwe-100 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HPV, uninzi lwazo zithathwa njengengozi ephantsi kwaye aziwubangi umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Inani leentlobo ze-HPV ezifunyaniswe zinxulunyaniswa nomhlaza ngama-20. Ngaphezu kwama-75% eemeko zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zibangelwa yi-HPV-16 kunye ne-HPV-18, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziintlobo ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu we-HPV. Iindidi zeHPV ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu zinokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle kweseli yomlomo wesibeleko okanye umhlaza.

Nangona kunjalo, i-HPV ayikuphela konobangela womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Uninzi lwabasetyhini abane-HPV abawuvelisi umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Eminye imiba esemngciphekweni, efana nokutshaya, usulelo lwe-HIV, kunye neminyaka xa usabelana ngesondo okokuqala, zenza ukuba abasetyhini bangakhuseleki kwi-HPV ukuba babe nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Kumntu omajoni akhe omzimba asebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, usulelo lwe-HPV lunokupheliswa ngumzimba ngokwawo kwisithuba esimalunga neminyaka emi-2. Abantu abaninzi bafuna impendulo yombuzo othi "Ngaba umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko usasazeka?" Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, njengezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, unokohlukana kwithumba kwaye unwenwele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Zeziphi Iindidi zoMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Ukwazi uhlobo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunceda ugqirha wakho agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olufunayo. Kukho iintlobo ezi-2 eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko: umhlaza wesquamous cell kunye ne-adenocarcinoma. Ezi zithiywa ngokohlobo lweseli yomhlaza.

Iiseli zesquamous zisicaba, iiseli ezifana nesikhumba ezigquma umphandle womlomo wesibeleko. Ama-70 ukuya kuma-80 kwi-100 ngalinye lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngumhlaza wesquamous cell.

I-Adenocarcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza ovela kwiiseli ze-columnar gland ezivelisa i-mucus. Iiseli zendlala zithe saa kumjelo wesibeleko. I-adenocarcinoma ayiqhelekanga kunomhlaza wesquamous cell; Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukwanda kokufunyanwa rhoqo kwiminyaka yamuva nje. Ngaphezu kwe-10% yabasetyhini abanomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko bane-adenocarcinoma.

Olona hlobo lwesithathu luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko yi-adenosquamous cancers kwaye ibandakanya zombini iindidi zeeseli. Umhlaza weseli ezincinci awuxhaphakanga kangako. Ngaphandle kwezi, kukho ezinye iindidi ezinqabileyo zomhlaza kumlomo wesibeleko.

Zeziphi izinto ezikuMngcipheko kuMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Mininzi imingcipheko enxulumene nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko:

• Usulelo lwe-Human papillomavirus (HPV) lwenza owona mngcipheko ubalulekileyo womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
• Abasetyhini abatshayayo banomngcipheko ophindwe kabini wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko xa kuthelekiswa nabo bangatshayiyo.
• Kubantu abanesistim somzimba esibuthathaka, umzimba awonelanga ukutshabalalisa usulelo lwe-HPV kunye neeseli zomhlaza. Intsholongwane kagawulayo okanye amayeza athile aphazamisa ukhuselo lomzimba kwandisa ingozi yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngenxa yeziphumo zawo ezibuthathaka kukhuselo lomzimba.
• Ngokutsho kwezinye izifundo, umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ufunyenwe uphezulu kwabasetyhini ababonise iimpawu zosulelo lwangaphambili lwe-chlamydia kwiimvavanyo zegazi kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-mucus yomlomo wesibeleko.
• Abasetyhini abangatyi ngokwaneleyo iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ekutyeni kwabo banokuba sengozini yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
• Abasetyhini abatyebileyo nabatyebileyo banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa i-adenocarcinoma yomlomo wesibeleko.
• Ukuba nembali yosapho yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngomnye umngcipheko.
• I-DES liyeza lehomoni elinikwe abanye abafazi phakathi kuka-1940 kunye no-1971 ukuthintela ukuphuphuma kwezisu. I-cell adenocarcinoma ecacileyo ye-vagina okanye yomlomo wesibeleko ifunyenwe ukuba yenzeke rhoqo kunokuba kulindelekile kubasetyhini abanoomama abasebenzisa i-DES ngelixa bekhulelwe.

Zeziphi iindlela zokuThintela uMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Ngaphezulu kwamawaka angama-500 abantu abatsha abanomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko babhaqwa minyaka le kwihlabathi jikelele. Bamalunga nama-250 amawaka aba bafazi bafa minyaka le ngenxa yesi sifo. Ukwazi ukuchaphazeleka komntu kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza kunokuba yimeko engqondweni nasemphefumlweni, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthintela umhlaza onokuthinteleka.

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngomnye wemihlaza embalwa ephantse ithinteleke ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lothintelo lomhlaza lunokufezekiswa ngokuphepha i-papillomavirus yabantu ezosulela ngesondo. Isiseko sokhuseleko kukusetyenziswa kweekhondom kunye nezinye iindlela zokuthintela.

Kukho izitofu eziphuhlisiwe ngokuchasene neentlobo ze-HPV ezithathwa njengezinxulunyaniswa nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Isitofu sokugonya sibonwa sisebenza kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba silawulwa ukusuka ekuqaleni kokufikisa ukuya kwiminyaka engama-30. Nokuba ungakanani na ubudala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane ulwazi malunga nesitofu sokugonya se-HPV.

Uvavanyo lokuhlola olubizwa ngokuba yi-pap smear lunokusetyenziswa ukuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko phambi kokuba ubekho. Uvavanyo lwe-Pap smear luvavanyo olubalulekileyo olunceda ukufumanisa ubukho beeseli ezithanda ukuba ngumhlaza kumlomo wesibeleko.

Ngexesha lenkqubo, iiseli ezikule ndawo zikhutywa ngobunono kwaye kuthathwe isampulu, emva koko zihlolwe elabhoratri ukukhangela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.

Kolu vavanyo, olungemnandanga kodwa luthatha ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, umjelo welungu lobufazi uvulwa kusetyenziswa i-speculum, ngaloo ndlela kwenzelwa ukufikelela kumlomo wesibeleko lula. Iisampuli zeseli ziqokelelwa ngokukrazula le ndawo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zonyango ezifana ne-brush okanye i-spatula.

Ngaphandle koku, izilumkiso zomntu ezifana nokunqanda ukutshaya, okonyusa amathuba okuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ukutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwiziqhamo nemifuno, kunye nokususa ubunzima obugqithisileyo, nako kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Ufunyaniswa njani uMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko awunakubangela izikhalazo ezibalulekileyo kwizigulane kwinqanaba lokuqala. Emva kokufaka isicelo kumagqirha, izigaba zokuqala zendlela yokuxilonga zithatha imbali yonyango yesigulane kwaye yenze uviwo lomzimba.

Ubudala besigulane ekuqaleni kokulala ngesondo, nokuba uva intlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, nokuba uyakhalaza ngokuphuma kwegazi emva kokulalana kuyabuzwa.

Eminye imibuzo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ibandakanya ukuba ngaba umntu ebekhe wanesifo esosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo ngaphambili, inani labantu athandana nabo ngesondo, ingaba i-HPV okanye i-HIV ibikhe yabhaqwa na emntwini ngaphambili, ukusebenzisa icuba nokuba ngaba loo mntu ugonyelwe iHPV, ukuya exesheni. ipateni kunye nokuvela ukopha okungaqhelekanga ngala maxesha.

Uvavanyo lomzimba luvavanyo lwamalungu angaphandle nangaphakathi omntu wesini. Kwiimviwo zendawo yesini, ubukho bezilonda ezikrokrelayo kuhlolwa.

Uvavanyo lokuhlolwa komlomo wesibeleko luvavanyo lwe-pap smear cytology. Ukuba akukho ziseli ezingaqhelekanga zifunyenwe kuviwo olulandela ingqokelela yesampulu, umphumo unokutolikwa njengesiqhelo. Iziphumo zovavanyo ezingaqhelekanga azibonisi ukuba umntu unomhlaza. Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zinokuhlelwa njenge-atypical, ithambile, iphakathi, iphambili, kunye ne-carcinoma in situ.

I-Carcinoma in situ (CIS) ligama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziselwa inqanaba lokuqala lezifo zomhlaza. I-Cervical carcinoma in situ ichazwa njengenqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. I-CIS ngumhlaza ofumaneka kuphela kumphezulu womlomo wesibeleko kwaye uye wahambela phambili ngokunzulu.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko okanye ukuba iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zifunyenwe kuvavanyo lokuhlolwa komlomo wesibeleko, uya kuodola ezinye iimvavanyo zokuxilongwa ngakumbi. I-Colposcopy sisixhobo esivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge ngakumbi kumlomo wesibeleko. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibuhlungu, kodwa ukuba i-biopsy iyafuneka unokuziva iintlungu:

Inaliti ye-Biopsy

Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuthatha i-biopsy ngenaliti ukusuka kwindawo yotshintsho apho iiseli zomhlaza kunye neeseli eziqhelekileyo zibekwe khona ukwenza uxilongo.

I-Endocervical Curettage

Yinkqubo yokuthatha isampuli kumlomo wesibeleko usebenzisa isixhobo sonyango esimile okwecephe ekuthiwa yi-curette kunye nesinye isixhobo esifana nebrashi.

Ukuba iziphumo ezikrokrisayo zifunyenwe kwiisampuli ezithathwe ngezi nkqubo, ezinye iimvavanyo zinokwenziwa:

ICone Biopsy

Kule nkqubo eyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, icandelo elincinci le-cone-shaped lisuswa kumlomo wesibeleko kwaye lihlolwe kwibhubhoratri. Kule nkqubo, iisampuli zeeseli zinokuthathwa kwiindawo ezinzulu zomlomo wesibeleko.

Ukuba umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ufunyenwe emntwini emva kolu vavanyo, esi sifo sinokwenziwa ngovavanyo olwahlukeneyo lweradiyoloji. I-X-reyi, i-computed tomography (CT), i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kunye ne-positron emission tomography (PET) ziphakathi kweemviwo ze-radiological ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Amanqanaba oMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Ukulinganisa kwenziwa ngokobungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. Izigaba zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zenza isiseko sokucwangcisa unyango kwaye kukho izigaba ezi-4 zesi sifo. Amanqanaba omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko; Yahlulwe ngokwesine: inqanaba loku-1, inqanaba lesi-2, inqanaba lesi-3 kunye nenqanaba lesi-4.

Inqanaba loku-1 loMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Ulwakhiwo olwenziwe kwinqanaba loku-1 lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lusencinci ngokwesayizi, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba lusasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezingqongileyo. Kweli nqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ukungakhululeki akubonakali kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Inqanaba lesi-2 loMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Izicubu zomhlaza kwinqanaba lesibini lesi sifo likhulu kancinane kunenqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo. Inokuthi isasazeke ngaphandle kwamalungu angasese kunye nakwii-lymph nodes, kodwa ifunyenwe ngaphandle kokuqhubela phambili.

Inqanaba lesi-3 loMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Kweli nqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, esi sifo sinwenwela kumazantsi elungu lobufazi nangaphandle kwendawo yegroin. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubela phambili yayo, inokuqhubeka nokuphuma kwizintso kwaye ibangele ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yomchamo. Ngaphandle kwala malungu, akukho nto ibuhlungu kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Inqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko

Linqanaba lokugqibela lesifo apho isifo sisasazeka (i-metastasizes) ukusuka kumalungu esini ukuya kwamanye amalungu afana nemiphunga, amathambo kunye nesibindi.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango loMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Inqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhetheni unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto, ezinjengendawo ngqo yomhlaza ngaphakathi komlomo wesibeleko, uhlobo lomhlaza, iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho jikelele, nokuba uyafuna ukuba nabantwana, nazo zichaphazela iindlela zonyango. Unyango lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lunokusetyenziswa njengendlela enye okanye njengendibaniselwano yonyango oluninzi.

Utyando lunokwenziwa ukususa umhlaza. Iradiotherapy, ichemotherapy, okanye indibaniselwano yezi zibini, iradiochemotherapy, zezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza kunye nemeko yomguli.

Indlela yonyango kwisigaba sokuqala somhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lungenelelo lotyando. Ukugqiba ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo enokwenziwa kunokusekwe kubungakanani kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza nokuba umntu ufuna ukukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo:

• Ukususa kuphela uMmandla weCancer

Kwizigulane zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ezincinci kakhulu, kunokwenzeka ukususa isakhiwo ngenkqubo ye-cone biopsy. Ngaphandle kwezicubu zomlomo wesibeleko ezisuswe ngendlela yekhoni, ezinye iindawo zomlomo wesibeleko azingeneleli. Olu ngenelelo lotyando lunokukhethwa, ngakumbi kubasetyhini abafuna ukukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo, ukuba iqondo lesifo sabo livumela.

• Ukususwa komlomo wesibeleko (Trachelectomy)

Inkqubo yotyando ebizwa ngokuba yi-radical trachelectomy ibhekisa ekususweni komlomo wesibeleko kunye nezinye izihlunu ezijikeleze esi sakhiwo. Emva kwale nkqubo, enokukhethwa kwizigulana zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ezikwinqanaba lakwangoko, umntu unokuphinda akhulelwe kwixesha elizayo kuba akukho kungenelela kwisizalo.

• Ukususwa kweSibeleko kunye neSibeleko sesibeleko (Hysterectomy)

Enye indlela yotyando ekhethwayo kwizigulana ezinomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ezikwinqanaba lakwangoko lutyando lwesibeleko. Ngolu tyando, ngaphezu kommandla womlomo wesibeleko wesigulane, isibeleko (isibeleko) kunye nesini, ii-lymph nodes ezijikelezayo nazo zisusiwe.

Nge-hysterectomy, umntu unokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo esi sifo kwaye ithuba lokuphindaphinda kwayo lipheliswe, kodwa ekubeni izitho zokuzala zisusiwe, akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu akhulelwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukongeza kungenelelo lotyando, unyango lweradiation usebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla (i-radiotherapy) inokusetyenziswa kwezinye izigulana. Unyango ngeradiyo ngokuqhelekileyo lusetyenziswa kunye nechemotherapy, ingakumbi kwizigulana ezinomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Ezi ndlela zonyango zingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda kwesi sifo kwezinye izigulane ukuba kunqunywe ukuba kukho amathuba aphezulu okuphindaphinda.

Ngenxa yomonakalo kwiiseli zokuzala kunye namaqanda emva konyango ngeradio, umntu unokuya exesheni emva konyango. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abafazi abafuna ukukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo kufuneka badibane noogqirha babo malunga nendlela iiseli zabo zokuzala ezinokugcinwa ngaphandle komzimba.

I-Chemotherapy yindlela yonyango ejolise ekupheliseni iiseli zomhlaza ngamachiza anamandla ekhemikhali. Amachiza onyango ngamachiza anganikwa umntu ngomlomo okanye ngomthambo. Kwiimeko zomhlaza ezihambele phambili, unyango lwechemotherapy oludityaniswe neradiotherapy lunokonyusa ukusebenza konyango olusetyenziswayo.

Ngaphandle kwezi nkqubo, amayeza ahlukeneyo anokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwendawo yonyango ekujoliswe kulo ngokutyhila iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zomhlaza. Yindlela yonyango enokuthi isetyenziswe kunye nechemotherapy kwizigulana ezinomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Ngaphandle kolu nyango, unyango lwamayeza olomeleza umlo womntu nxamnye nomhlaza ngokuvuselela amajoni akhe omzimba lubizwa ngokuba yi-immunotherapy. Iiseli zomhlaza zinokuzenza zingabonakali kwi-immune system ngokusebenzisa iiproteni ezahlukeneyo ezizivelisayo.

Ngokukodwa kwizigaba eziphambili kunye nabantu abangakhange baphendule kwezinye iindlela zonyango, i-immunotherapy inokunceda ukufumanisa nokuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza nge-immune system.

Umyinge weminyaka emi-5 yokusinda kwizigulane ezinomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ezifunyenwe kumanqanaba okuqala ngama-92% emva konyango olufanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uyaqaphela iimpawu zesi sifo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane namaziko ononophelo lwezempilo kwaye ufumane inkxaso.

Uvavanyelwa njani uMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Uvavanyo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luvavanyo olwenziwayo ukubona utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lweeseli kumlomo wesibeleko okanye usulelo lwe-HPV kwangethuba. I-Pap smear (uvavanyo lwe-Pap swab) kunye ne-HPV zezona mvavanyo zixhaphakileyo zokuhlola.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ubonwa kwiminyaka emingaphi umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko udla ngokubakho kwiminyaka yama-30s nama-40s. Nangona kunjalo, le asiyomeko eqinisekileyo. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lungenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. I-30s emva kwexesha kunye ne-60 yokuqala ithathwa njengexesha eliyingozi kakhulu. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko awuxhaphakanga kwabasetyhini abancinci, kodwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ukwakho nakulutsha.

Ngaba unokunyangwa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolunye lweentlobo zomhlaza onokunyangeka. Isicwangciso sonyango ngokuqhelekileyo sixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, ubukhulu bawo, indawo, kunye nemeko yempilo yesigulane. unyango lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko; Iquka utyando, unyango ngeradio, unyango lwechemotherapy, okanye indibaniselwano yezi.

Ngaba Umhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko Uyabulala?

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luhlobo olunyangekayo lomhlaza xa ufunyenwe kwaye unyangwe kumanqanaba okuqala. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezifo zesibeleko kunye novavanyo lokuhlola umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kwandisa ithuba lokufumanisa utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lweeseli okanye umhlaza kwibakala lakwangoko. Kodwa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luhlobo olubulalayo lomhlaza.

Yintoni eyenza uMhlaza woMlomo weSibeleko?

Oyena nobangela womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiHuman Papillomavirus (HPV). I-HPV yintsholongwane eyosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo. Kwezinye iimeko, umzimba unokususa usulelo lwe-HPV ngokwawo kwaye ulususe ngaphandle kweempawu.